Outdoor solar power hub charging and discharging loss

Are EV battery losses localized in EV charging and discharging?

The results presented in section 4 show that losses are highly localized whether in EV charging or in GIV charging and discharging. Loss in the battery and in PEU depends on both current and battery SOC. Quantitatively, the PEU is responsible for the largest amount of loss, which varies widely based on the two aforementioned factors.

Can a low power charger lead to overnight charging at low efficiency?

If the findings of reduced efficiency at low power were applied to the hypothetical charger being considered here a specification of 1.5 kW may lead to overnight charging at a low efficiency. Such efficiency consideration is not generally considered in specification of EVSE amperes or kW capacity.

What is the difference between charging and discharging?

Generally, with some exceptions, percentage losses are higher at lower current, more consistently for charging than discharging. Some very high losses are found at low SOC (again, with exceptions). For charging, generally the higher efficiencies are achieved at higher SOC and higher current.

How much does a roundtrip battery lose compared to charging?

From Table 3, by averaging for all SOCs, the 10Amps and 70Amps roundtrip battery losses are 1.29% and 6.45% respectively. According to, for low currents charging and discharging battery losses are equal, while for higher currents, the discharging losses are approximately 10% more compared to the charging losses.